Medieval Christian polemic dismissed the Koran as satanic, not divine

Evidence

Having slandered the messenger, the Christian author of the Risâlat al- Kindî next attacks the message: the Koran. What kind of law is it, he asks, that your master brought you? It is not divine law: that was brought by Christ; it is not natural law: that God revealed to Moses. It must then, he suggests, be satanic law. … The author argues that, far from being revealed by God, the Koran was composed by Muhammad with help from a heretical Christian monk named Sergius (also called Nastûr or Nestorius) and from two Jews, ‘Abd Allah b. Sallâm and Ka’b al-Ahbar. — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 396

Categorization

• XREF: This is the genealogical root of the modern claim in Anidjar/Aziz-era scholarship that Western Islamophobia frames Islam as a ‘religion of violence’ and Muhammad as false prophet — the Koran-as-satanic-law trope descends directly from this ninth-century text.
• DEFINE: Identifies the early provenance of the ‘Koran composed by Muhammad with help from a heretic monk’ legend (Sergius/Nestorius), a trope later recycled by Euro-Christian writers for a millennium.