Medieval arguments against Islam hinged on the stable transmission of texts across nations.

Evidence

Neither Jews nor Christians could have falsified their Scriptures, he noted down: in many languages over all the world one and the same Gospel had been preserved. It was impossible that so many men of different languages and nations, especially the learned, could have concealed a falsification, or allowed themselves to be deceived, or mistaken false things for true. This was the sum of the Christian contention, which would be put forward with variations of detail by many writers. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 276

Categorization

• QUESTION: Worth tracing whether this textual-integrity argument later resurfaces in early modern Protestant-Catholic polemic as a borrowed rhetorical structure.