Media violence is an essential but insufficient ingredient within a constellation of causes

Evidence

In the bomb-extortion incidents triggered by the airing of The Doomsday Flight, the televised influence was an essential but insufficient cause alone. In a medical example that further illustrates the conditional nature of causation, not everyone who smokes develops lung cancer, but given other biological factors it is a key contributor to this disease. — Albert Bandura, Moral Disengagement, 882

Categorization

• DEFINE: Distinguishes ‘sole cause’ from ‘necessary contributing cause’ — a clear conceptual distinction that persists in causality debates.
• SEED: Angle: a piece on why the single-cause strawman keeps recurring in industry defenses — the media-effects and smoking analogies used as rhetorical cudgels.