Marxist political answers exempted respondents from being classed authoritarian

Evidence

It was not possible for anyone to be classified as definitely authoritarian if they had answered the four questions to do with political views faithfully according to Marxist doctrine. For example, if they had answered the question What, in your opinion, can improve the world situation?' with the word socialism’, and the question Who, in your opinion, was responsible for the hyperinflation?' with the words capitalists’ or capitalism' (the questions, which were not pre-structured, were classified according to these criteria), then they could no longer be classed as definitely authoritarian. But if those who had given these answers turned out to be authoritarian’ in their attitudes to authority, or individualistic' in their attitudes to fellow human beings, or both, they were classified as a contradictory combination’ or as a `rebellious authoritarian type’. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 711

Categorization

• DEFINE: Explains how the study’s classification categories were constructed, and their built-in circularity.
• QUESTION: This is a methodological critique moment — the study’s design predetermines that orthodox Marxism and authoritarianism cannot co-occur, which weakens the ‘rebellious authoritarian’ category’s validity.
• XREF: connects to: The study’s classification scheme ruled out loyal-but-authoritarian Communists by design — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 713; High authoritarians are less likely to respond to surveys — Bob Altemeyer, The Authoritarian Specter, 3397; High authoritarians conceal more prejudice when their answers can be identified (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Authoritarian legislators disproportionately decline to participate in political surveys #exemplifies (0.80)
• High authoritarians conceal more prejudice when their answers can be identified #expands (0.78)
• The most authoritarian lawmakers systematically refused to answer the survey #exemplifies (0.78) — Bob Altemeyer, The Authoritarian Specter, 4455
• High authoritarians are less likely to respond to surveys #corroborates (0.75) — Bob Altemeyer, The Authoritarian Specter, 3397
• Electoral victory does not select for different authoritarianism within a party #exemplifies (0.74)
• No coherent left-wing authoritarian ideology emerged from measured student responses #exemplifies (0.74) — Bob Altemeyer, The Authoritarian Specter, 2883
• Authoritarians are selectively not anti-introspective #corroborates (0.73) — Bob Altemeyer, The Authoritarian Specter, 4166
• Survey self-selection bias hides the true Democratic-Republican authoritarianism gap #exemplifies (0.73)