Marronage gave way to communal Black radicalism nurtured and expressed in mass resistance

Evidence

As slave communities formed, marronage was eventually superseded. By the middle of the eighteenth century, for the mass of Blacks the steady transfusion, via the Atlantic, of new Africans, the genius of Black Christianity, the construction of Creole dialects, the founding of Black and Seminole-like maroon communities, the flight to the Black quarters of southern cities, the plotting and actualizing of rebellions, and the construction of familial and communal relations in the slave quarters, were all a part of their preservation as an African people and the nurture of the Black radical tradition. … And well into the nineteenth century, the experience absorbed by Black participants in the rebellion of the colonial ruling class against its English superiors and the example (and the indirect if not direct assistance) of the Haitian revolutionists facilitated mass resistance as the dominant expression of Black radicalism. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 1433

Categorization

• DEFINE: Names the concrete mechanisms that constituted the Black radical tradition’s nurture: Christianity, Creole dialects, maroon/urban communities, rebellions, kinship.
• XREF: Complements the arc traced across The Black Atlantic and later chapters on emigrationism, echoing the Haitian example’s role.