Male dominance orientation persists even apart from social role occupancy

Evidence

Fourth, one’s level of SDO depends upon one’s gender. Everything else being equal, males will have significantly higher average levels of social dominance orientation than females. This thesis is known as the invariance hypothesis. This greater level of SDO among males is not simply due to the fact that males occupy dominant social roles, but also due to factors that are largely independent of these social roles. For this and other reasons, the gender system of social hierarchy is related to yet quite distinct from the arbitrary-set system. — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3234

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces and defines the invariance hypothesis and its distinction from arbitrary-set hierarchy.
• QUESTION: What are the non-role factors driving male SDO? The passage asserts they exist without specifying them.
• SEED: An essay on whether dominance orientation is a gendered trait independent of social position could challenge popular explanations of workplace hierarchy.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3234
• XREF: connects to: Urination posture encodes gender hierarchy felt from early childhood — Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex, 685; Dominance psychology is older than prestige and runs on fear-based coercion — Joseph Henrich, The Secret of Our Success: How Culture…, 396