Listeners perceive the fundamental frequency even when its lowest partials are absent

Evidence

An important special case of this is the phenomenon of perceiving the missing fundamental. If the lowest partial(s) of a harmonic tone complex are missing, the pitch of the sound still corresponds to the fundamental frequency of the tone complex. The sound is perceived somewhat differently, as if the colour of sound is a bit thinner, and the pitch strength may be weaker, but in many cases the pitch does not change. The perception of pitch as being the frequency of the missing fundamental is an example of virtual pitch, also known as residue pitch. — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1115

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines the missing-fundamental phenomenon and introduces synonyms virtual/residue pitch.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1115
• XREF: connects to: The missing fundamental is still heard when all low harmonics are removed; A bell’s perceived pitch is usually absent from its actual partials; Pitch can be perceived even when no partial exists at that frequency — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 2031 (+9 more)

Broader Connections

• Pitch can be perceived even when no partial exists at that frequency #corroborates (0.98) — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 2031
• Listeners reconstruct a perceived pitch that is not physically present #corroborates (0.92)
• A combined waveform can produce a perceived pitch absent from its actual frequency components #corroborates (0.90) — Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- An…, 323
• Combination tones fill in missing harmonics of a perceived fundamental #expands (0.85) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 1620
• Two simultaneous tones generate audible lower tones absent from the stimulus #expands (0.82) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1571
• Weak musical pitch perception can persist without peripheral phase locking. #qualifies (0.78) — Dijk, Pim van, Physiology, Psychoacoustics and…, 5420
• Pitch perception depends on harmonics being integer multiples of the fundamental #qualifies (0.75) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 864