List-style concepts are routinely misread as necessary conditions across the social sciences.

Evidence

3I suspect that this kind of confusion between necessary and sufficient conditions and simple lists is not uncommon. For example, Bendor, Moe, and Schott find the same conceptual confusion in the classic article by Cohen, March, and Olsen on the garbage can model of organizational choice. — Gary Goertz, Social Science Concepts, 650

Categorization

• QUESTION: How often does the same confusion appear in canonical texts that “everyone” has already read closely? A systematic audit would be revealing.