Late tsarist scapegoating of Muslims and Jews never fully eliminated their legal institutions

Evidence

Nonetheless, in the case of Muslims and Jews, their non-Orthodox institutions survived the late nineteenth-century shift towards the scapegoating of these groups, a phenomenon that, in any event, never wholly consumed tsarist policy-makers. What, then, accounts for the appearance among tsarist elites in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries of a heightened sense that Muslims and Jews—each in their distinctive way—posed such a pernicious danger to Russian society and the imperial order writ large? — James Renton, Ben Gidley (eds.), Antisemitism and Islamophobia in Europe, 510