Jewish reliance on state finance declined as big business replaced state services

Evidence

The growing influence of big business on the state and the state’s declining need for Jewish services threatened the Jewish banker with extinction and forced certain shifts in Jewish occupations. The first sign of the decline of the Jewish banking houses was their loss of prestige and power within the Jewish communities. They were no longer strong enough to centralize and, to a certain extent, monopolize the general Jewish wealth. More and more Jews left state finance for independent business. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 181

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the broader scaffold on how economic structure reshapes minority-state relations, echoing the later Islamophobia readings on how exclusion tracks economic shifts.