Indirect programs reduce prejudice by enacting Allport’s contact conditions rather than addressing bias explicitly.

Evidence

Indirect programs do not explicitly address prejudice, stereotyping or discrimination and they do not cover differences or similarities among racial and ethnic groups. The direct programs often employ didactic techniques, in which teachers dominate the interaction. By contrast, the indirect techniques were devised specifically to enact the contact principles set out by Allport: equal-status contact in the pursuit of common goals, positively sanctioned by the institution and leading to “the perception of common interests and common humanity between members of the two groups” (Allport, 1954/ 1979, p. 281). — John F. Dovidio, Peter Glick, Laurie A. Rudman, On the Nature of Prejudice, 2655

Categorization

• DEFINE: Distinguishes direct didactic anti-prejudice programs from indirect contact-based ones.