Horkheimer blamed Jewish ignorance of antisemitic psychology for Europe’s failed defense.

Evidence

In May 1943 Horkheimer visited Sanford at Berkeley. Sanford's work, under my supervision,' he wrote to Pollock afterwards, would be the first scientific approach to the psychology, the types, the reaction of the American Antisemite. It is my conviction, that Jewish ignorance of the psychology of Antisemitism is not the only but certainly one of the very few main causes for the failure of the European defense against it.’ — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 1517

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the Institute’s broader self-critique of European Jewry’s defensive failures and ties to Adorno/Horkheimer’s ‘Elements of Anti-Semitism’ analysis in Dialectic of Enlightenment.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1517