Horkheimer’s private wealth funded the Institute through a lifelong annuity

Evidence

In order to secure your academic research on a lasting basis, I undertake hereby for myself and my heirs to grant you for the period of your lifetime a monthly sum in the amount of RM 1500 (one thousand five hundred Reichsmarks) or Frs SS 1875 (one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five Swiss francs) or Hfl. 900 (nine hundred Dutch guilders) or Frs Fcs 9000 (nine thousand French francs) or $375 (three hundred and seventy-five US dollars). The choice of currency and place of payment remain with you. The income which you receive from the Prussian state or in your capacity as director of the Institute of Social Research is to be deducted from this amount. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 445

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the broader pattern of private capital financing critical theory institutions, echoing the reader’s institutional-history focus on how material conditions enabled the School. — connects to: Horkheimer prioritized his own scholarly work over the Institute’s common resources as endowment shrank — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1086; Horkheimer moved to secure his own funding as the Institute’s endowment shrank. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1086; Horkheimer’s fear of dwindling finances redirected the Institute toward the dialectics book — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1042 (+4 more)

Broader Connections

• Horkheimer moved to secure his own funding as the Institute’s endowment shrank. #corroborates (0.80) — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 1086
• Horkheimer’s fear of dwindling finances redirected the Institute toward the dialectics book #corroborates (0.72) — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 1042