Higher-order combination tones can be misheard as actual played notes
Evidence
The combination tones are: for n = 1: 880.0 β 107.8 = 772.2 Hz; closest note is G5 (f0 = 784.0 Hz) for n = 2: 880.0 β 215.6 = 664.4 Hz; closest note is E5 (f0 = 659.3 Hz) These combination tones would beat with the f0 component of any other instruments playing a note close to a combination tone. β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1589
Categorization
- QUESTION: Because 772.2 and 664.4 Hz fall near G5 and E5, do listeners actually misattribute these tones to real instruments?
- XREF: connects to: Chords sound consonant when singersβ fundamental frequencies are integer-related. β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1377; Real musical instruments produce measurable distortion tones that fall near other scale notes β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1587; Lower-order combination tones are perceived more readily than higher orders (+19 more)
Broader Connections
- Adding harmonic-series members of an unsounded note creates perceptual ambiguity about pitch location.
#corroborates(1.00) β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1649 - Two tones presented together generate an audible combination (difference) tone not physically present.
#corroborates(1.00) β Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- Anβ¦, 773 - Difference and summation tones are perceived at arithmetic combinations of presented frequencies
#corroborates(1.00) β Eric J. Heller, Why You Hear What You Hear- Anβ¦, 2276 - Lower-order combination tones are perceived more readily than higher orders
#complicates(0.85) - Pure-tone instruments readily produce audible combination tones
#complicates(0.85) β David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 1621 - Combination tones exist below both source tones and vary in audibility
#responds-to(0.80) - Two tones presented together produce audible combination tones in the ear
#complicates(0.80) β Professor Dr.-Ing. Hugo Fastl, Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard, Psychoacoustics- Facts and Models, 330 - Masking limits how much combination tones interfere with other instrumentsβ pitches
#complicates(0.80) β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1590 - Equal temperament makes combination tones slightly out of tune
#complicates(0.80) - Combination tones beat against other near-pitched instruments unless masked
#complicates(0.75) - Presented together, tones reveal far finer pitch differences via beats than sequential comparison
#complicates(0.75) - Whether combination tones are musical depends on the tuning system
#complicates(0.75) - Listeners stream interleaved tones by pitch rather than by ear of delivery
#complicates(0.75) β David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1620 - Combination tones fill in missing harmonics of a perceived fundamental
#complicates(0.75) β David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 1620 - Loud tones can render simultaneous tones partially or wholly imperceptible
#complicates(0.75) β David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 1628