Hegel held that necessity turned the Jews into enemies of others

Evidence

From the earliest writings, Hegel associates the Jews with the “thoroughgoing passivity” of worship, the “testimony of their servitude.” He also recalls Kant’s notion of the Jews’ “misanthropy” as a form of subjection to necessity. Almost incidentally writing a chapter of a history of the enemy, Hegel speaks here of the Jews’, through necessity, becoming “enemies”: “their necessities made them the enemies of others,” Feinden. — Gil Anidjar, The Jew, the Arab, 632

Categorization

• SEED: A possible essay angle: how the European philosophical category of the Jew as ‘enemy by necessity’ predates and inflects later racialized framings of both Jews and Arabs.