Headphone binaural reproduction fails without dynamic head-movement cues

Evidence

A further challenge in binaural reproduction is that the auditory system also utilizes dynamic cues to localize sound sources, as discussed in Section 12.3.4 on page 232. When listening to a binaural recording with headphones, the movements of the listener do not change the binaural reproduction at all. This is one reason why headphone reproduction easily tends to be localized inside the head of the listener (Blauert, 1996). — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1920

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies why headphone playback yields inside-the-head localization: dynamic cues absent.
• XREF: connects to: Dynamic binaural head-movement cues override conflicting visual evidence of source location — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1460; Head movements resolve front-back ambiguity by creating direction-specific binaural cue changes — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 1457; Headphones sound ‘in the head’ because they fail to model head movement cues — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 735