Harvard claimed photographers always own their images regardless of how acquired

Evidence

In defense of the university, Harvard’s attorneys filed a motion to dismiss, arguing that a photo, irrespective of the violent or criminal nature in which it was acquired, always belongs to the photographer—there are no exceptions, this is settled law. — Tamara Lanier, From These Roots, 1249

Categorization

• XREF: This is the core doctrinal contest the reader is tracking: whether image ownership is absolute in the photographer or bounded by tort law.