Haiti became a sovereign state in 1803 after the Saint-Domingue revolution succeeded

Evidence

Nevertheless, the Black sovereignty that white Americans feared most eventually came to pass. On November 29, 1803, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the new leader of the rebel army in Saint-Domingue, declared victory in the revolution against French authority. Weeks later, he publicly unveiled l’Acte de l’Indépendance d’Haïti (the Act of Independence of Haiti), officially introducing Haiti to the world as a sovereign nation. In a speech delivered in the port city of Gonaïves, Dessalines called upon his people to pledge themselves to liberty at any cost. “Let us swear before the whole universe, to posterity, to ourselves,” he urged, “to renounce France forever, and to die rather than live under its dominion. To fight until our last breath for the independence of our country.” — Nikole Hannah-Jones et al., The 1619 Project, 371