Habermas’s own participatory standard made students’ extra-parliamentary options negligible.

Evidence

It was a very strict one; the introduction stated that the only opportunity for participation in politics currently lay in `extra-parliamentary actions’by members of mass organizations who could put state organizations under pressure from the streets and by functional élites within the administrative apparatuses of industry, the state and lobbying organizations. But students, as a rule, did not belong to any mass organizations, and they would not belong to functional élites either for some time to come, if at all. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 578

Categorization

• QUESTION: Worth chasing whether this strictness directly set the terms for the 1968 student conflict with the Critical Theorists.
• XREF: connects to: Habermas’s hopes for mass extra-parliamentary action proved unrealistic — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 2347
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: Habermas’s hopes for mass extra-parliamentary action proved unrealistic — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 2347