Glottal function is modeled as mass-spring or distributed transmission-line systems

Evidence

Glottal oscillation, the almost periodic opening and closing of the vocal folds, is the main excitation in voiced sounds. Glottal functioning has been modelled mathematically in several ways, for example as a simple mass–spring system as in Figure 5.9 (Flanagan, 1972), as a spatially distributed mass–spring system (surface-wave transmission line), or just as experimental functions of time for volume velocity (Fant et al., 1985). — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 610

Categorization

Category: Factual Claims

• XREF: The mass-spring / transmission-line analogies parallel how loudspeaker drivers and vocal folds are both modeled in electroacoustics

Related

• The glottal waveform’s closing phase is abrupt and carries most excitatory energy. (similarity 0.87)
• The speech tract is modeled as a transmission line with pressure and volume-velocity variables (similarity 0.85)
• Speech production reduces to a source-filter model with glottal or noise sources (similarity 0.83)
• The glottal waveform can be estimated indirectly through inverse modeling of microphone recordings (similarity 0.82)
• Glottal closing generates most vocal-tract excitatory energy. (similarity 0.82)
• The vocal tract can be simulated as a cascade of acoustic transmission line segments (similarity 0.82)
• Speech production reduces to lungs as compressor driving a glottal oscillator through resonating tracts (similarity 0.81)
• A huge variety of speech sounds can be made without vocal folds (similarity 0.81)
• The vocal apparatus functions as a pressure source driving a resonant filter system (similarity 0.80)
• Articulatory synthesis models speech dynamics but is too complex for practical synthesizers (similarity 0.80)
• Vocal tract sound transmission is governed by cross-sectional area (similarity 0.79)
• Vocal fold waveform shape with rich harmonics is what makes speech possible (similarity 0.79)
• Vocal tract acoustics reduce to a cross-sectional area function along one axis (similarity 0.79)
• Speakers shift glottal closure timing to control the spectral brightness of their voice. (similarity 0.79)
• Speech tracts lack coupling that brass instruments synchronize with. (similarity 0.79)

Broader Connections

• The speech tract is modeled as a transmission line with pressure and volume-velocity variables #expands (0.90) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 599
• Sound propagation can be modeled as coupled masses and springs #corroborates (0.85) — David Howard, Jamie Angus, coustics and Psychoacoustics, 25
• Strings and air columns are modeled computationally as one-dimensional delay-line resonators #expands (0.80) — Ville Pulkki, Matti Karjalainen, Communication Acoustics- An…, 696
• Vocal pitch is controlled through fold tension and vibrating mass #expands (0.75) — David M. Howard, Jamie Angus, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics, 1324