Globalization has occurred in multiple distinct historical waves

Evidence

But there have been various versions of globalization historically, multiple globalizations. Early modes of globalization were those stretching across known worlds in their day, across the states and city states of the east that, among others, Gunder Frank analyzed in ReOrient. These globalizations included trade routes that stretched into what today we call the Near East. They overlapped with those among the states and cities of the medieval Mediterranean Near East. There are no doubt others, linked to various empires. These might be called regional globalizations. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 1730

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the concept of ‘regional globalizations’ as distinct from the planetary globalization of the modern era.
• XREF: connects to: Globalization’s eroding effect on state power is empirically overstated — Greta R. Krippner, The Financialization of the American…, 137; Globalization’s novelty is velocity and frictionlessness, not long-distance exchange itself — Hartmut Rosa, Social Acceleration: A New Theory of…, 563; The 1919-20 revolutionary wave was experienced as one transnational event — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 340