Generic anti-foreign feelings rerouted onto new targets when old enemies failed

Evidence

This process went forward essentially along two lines: first and most commonly, the general anti-foreign feelings touched off by the internal and international shocks of the late nineteenth century were discharged with special force against these new targets so that each of the southeastern European groups appeared as a particularly insidious representative of the whole foreign menace; secondly and more slowly, a campaign got under way against the new immigration as a unique entity, constituting in its difference from other foreign groups the essence of the nation’s peril. The first type of attack was midwife to the second. The new immigrants had the very bad luck to arrive in America en masse at a time when nativism was already running at full tilt, and when neither anarchist nor Jesuit afforded a wholly satisfactory victim for it. — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 517

Categorization

• XREF: Directly supports the reader’s core thesis: the ‘enemy’ slot persists and gets refilled when an incumbent enemy (Jesuit/Catholic) loses credibility — evidence that externalized threat, not primordial identity, drives solidarity. — connects to: Anti-foreign fears persist in contained form instead of being eliminated — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 170; Disappointment shifted nativist targets to vaguer enemies — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 1626; When one manufactured enemy faded, nationalism simply found a new target form — John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of…, 1398 (+4 more)
• SEED: The phrase ‘neither anarchist nor Jesuit afforded a wholly satisfactory victim’ — nativism’s target-selection is parasitic on available scapegoats, an angle for the reader’s article on manufactured enemies.

Broader Connections

• Disappointment shifted nativist targets to vaguer enemies #expands (0.90) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 1626
• When one manufactured enemy faded, nationalism simply found a new target form #corroborates (0.90) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 1398
• Anti-foreign fears persist in contained form instead of being eliminated #corroborates (0.85) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 170
• Ideologies that succeed in hard times generate enemies even if they start without them #corroborates (0.85) — John T. Jost and Jim Sidanius, Political Psychology, 3976
• Resolving one conflict generates new enemies and conflicts #corroborates (0.80)
• Generalized anti-foreign attacks historically precede targeting a group as a unique racial menace #corroborates (0.80) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 518
• Racial and radical anti-foreign attacks coexisted, not supplanted one another #qualifies (0.75) — John Higham, Strangers in the Land, 818