Galileo’s observations challenged the Earth-centered universe model.

Evidence

When he looked at the planet Jupiter, Galileo found that it was accompanied by several small satellites or moons that orbited around it. — Hawking, Stephen, A Brief History of Time, 18

Categorization

• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Hawking, Stephen, A Brief History of Time, 18
• XREF: connects to: Galileo pioneered the scientific method through observation and reason. — Hawking, Stephen, A Brief History of Time, 349; Copernicus’s cosmology displaced the female earth for a masculine sun — Carolyn Merchant, The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology,…, 539; Tycho Brahe and Galileo’s observations empirically discredited the organic cosmos — Carolyn Merchant, The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology,…, 542