French antisemitism stayed bounded because it lacked supranational ambitions

Evidence

The principal reason for these wholesome limitations was that France’s antisemitic parties, though violent on the domestic scene, had no supranational aspirations. They belonged after all to the oldest and most fully developed nation-state in Europe. None of the antisemites ever tried seriously to organize a “party above parties” or to seize the state as a party and for no other purpose but party interests. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 167

Categorization

• XREF: The causal contrast — nation-state boundedness vs. supranational imperialism — is a key mechanism the Islamophobia toolkit can reuse for distinguishing national from transnational forms of exclusion.