France banned Pan-African and communist doctrines because they rivaled its civilizing mission

Evidence

These doctrines included the development of Pan-Negroism and Pan-Africanism in the United States, under the leadership of Marcus Garvey, and the call for international revolution in France; their “subversiveness” was that all offered visions of progress, alternatives to the civilizing mission of the French. — Alice L. Conklin, A Mission to Civilize_ The Republican…, 562

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies how Paris defined subversiveness—not as threatening overthrow by force but as offering alternatives to the French civilizing program.