Fragmented community development framing deepens alienation and enable divisive control

Evidence

In “community development” projects the more a region or area is broken down into “local communities,” without the study of these communities both as totalities in themselves and as parts of another totality (the area, region, and so forth)—which in its turn is part of a still larger totality (the nation, as part of the continental totality)—the more alienation is intensified. And the more alienated people are, the easier it is to divide them and keep them divided. — Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, 457

Categorization

• XREF: Maps directly onto the reading goal: names the concrete failure mode of focalized programs that problem-posing education must counteract — a concrete before/after comparison for redesign. — connects to: Community-driven development institutions do not spill over into everyday community governance — Jessica Carrick-Hagenbarth, Institutional Bricolage and Commoning…, 145; Community decline operates invisibly through the absence of familiar practices — Robert D. Putnam, Bowling Alone The Collapse and Revival…, 1451