For Islamic intellectuals, knowledge itself is constituted by the heart

Evidence

Much like Muslim intellectuals, including jurists and mystics and a combination thereof, Scheler argues that the heart (Ar. qalb) “deserves to be called the core of man as a spiritual being much more than knowing and willing do.” The Muslim intellectual may add the proviso that “knowing” (‘ilm, as both an activity and habitus) is effectively constituted by the heart. — Wael Hallaq, Restating Orientalism, 484

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the Islamic concept of ‘ilm as heart-constituted rather than purely cognitive.