Feudalism featured no commodified land or labor and no economic choices.

Evidence

During the feudal era, which became properly entrenched across Europe in the twelfth century, economic life involved no economic choices. If you were born into the landed gentry, it would never cross your mind to sell your ancestors’ land. And if you were born a serf, you were compelled to toil the land, on the landowner’s behalf, free of any illusion that, one day, you might own land yourself. In short, neither land nor labour power was a commodity. They had no market price. The vast majority of the time, ownership of them changed only through wars of conquest, royal decree or as a result of some catastrophe. — Yanis Varoufakis, Technofeudalism, 97

Categorization

• XREF: Establishes the baseline feudal structure that later chapters will map onto platform capitalism; connects to comparative economic history of precapitalist modes. — connects to: Feudal landholding conferred usage rights, not private ownership. — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 67; Ottoman fiefs held no seigneurial rights, leaving peasants freer on the land — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans: Interpreting…, 638; In feudalism neither land nor labour power was a commodity with a market price — Yanis Varoufakis, Technofeudalism: What Killed Capitalism, 97
• SEED: Article angle: the ‘choice as threshold’ of capitalism — how the transition from feudalism to capitalism hinged on commodifying choice itself, and how platforms may reverse this.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Yanis Varoufakis, Technofeudalism: What Killed Capitalism, 97

Broader Connections

• Ottoman fiefs held no seigneurial rights, leaving peasants freer on the land #complicates (0.70) — Bernard Lewis, From Babel to Dragomans, 638