Even hostile medieval Christians acknowledged Gabriel as the Qur’an’s medium of delivery.

Evidence

In a sound statement by Peter the Venerable, the Qur’an was described (to Muslim readers) as supposed by them to be ‘what was sent down from Heaven by God and delivered by Gabriel to your Prophet, not all at once, but bit by bit, through the parts of the month that among you is called Ramadan’.®* In the fourteenth century the Franciscan Simon referred to the same fact. Vaguer, less accurate, more typical of the average Christian authors, is such a phrase as ‘he lied that a Book was sent to him by the angels’.*® It would be tedious to quote every reference to Gabriel as the medium of revelation, when there were so many; references to Muhammad’s revelations which ignored the angelic vehicle were in fact rare. — Norman Daniel, Islam and the West, 198

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to the anti-Islam polemic tradition and how even polemicists preserved accurate core doctrine claims.
• SEED: Angle: how hostile sources still transmit accurate facts about the religion they attack — the information pipeline of polemic.