Even electorally stable Botswana was dismissed as undemocratic by scholars of personal rule

Evidence

Even Botswana, which began to emerge as different kind of a postcolonial regime on the continent by early 1980s, was dismissed by Jackson and Rosberg. “By 1979 there were only two of the original constitutional rulers of the 1960s left in Black Africa: President Dauda K. Jawara of The Gambia and Sir Seretse Khama of Botswana. In these cases it be may that constitutional government has been retained because the constitutions of independence contain a bias favoring the retention of power by these men and their parties, giving little chance to the opposition to win power electorally.” — Abdi Ismail Samatar, Africa’s First Democrats, 1144

Categorization

• XREF: Contextualizes why Somalia’s 1960s democracy was also overlooked or dismissed by the same literature, relevant to the reader evaluating accounts of Somali democracy.