European Orientalism was normalized into a coherent US scholarly consensus

Evidence

It is no reduction to say of all this that it retains, in most of its general as well as its detailed functioning, the traditional Orientalist outlook which had been developed in Europe. — Edward W. Said, Orientalism, 748 (#corroborates, via linked claim)

In the nineteenth century, various European nations set up centers for the study of the Orient from which there emerged a huge body of Orientalist scholarship integrally tied to imperialism and colonization. In this chapter, and throughout the book generally, I focus mainly on the Middle East and North Africa, because it was these regions, due to their proximity to Europe, that largely informed the development of an elite Western vocabulary about “Islam.” After World War II, the United States took over from France and England, both literally and metaphorically. It began to exercise its hegemony in the region through the borrowed language of Orientalism, but also through the vocabulary of capitalist modernization, which was better suited to the new form of imperialism initiated by the United States. — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 28 (#expands, via linked claim)

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: American Orientalism persists fragmentarily but ideologically coherently; American Oriental studies were founded to emulate European imperial frameworks — Edward W. Said, Orientalism, 745; American missionary institutions reproduced the imperial character of European counterparts (+3 more)

Related

• American Orientalism persists fragmentarily but ideologically coherently (similarity 0.95)
• US Middle East research institutions retained the European Orientalist outlook (similarity 0.92)
• Oriental studies were reconceived as instruments of national policy toward postcolonial nations (similarity 0.91)
• Empire shifting to the US carried Orientalist scholars across the Atlantic with it (similarity 0.90)
• US post-war hegemony repurposed Orientalism and modernization theory to justify empire. (similarity 0.89)
• European Orientalism was normalized and domesticated into American area studies (similarity 0.88)
• American Oriental studies were founded to emulate European imperial frameworks (similarity 0.88)
• British, French, then American Orientalism follows the rise and fall of colonial empires (similarity 0.87)
• Said’s Orientalism changed the meaning of ‘Orientalism’ from benevolent human interest in the East to an apparatus of knowledge and writing aligned with western imperial power. (similarity 0.87)
• Western scholarship constructed the East as savage to justify imperial conquest. (similarity 0.87)
• Postwar postcolonial critiques transformed Orientalism’s meaning from scholarship into ideology of empire (similarity 0.87)
• Orientalism expanded from scholarly practice to signify imperialist ideology (similarity 0.87)
• Said’s survey concentrated on British and French varieties of Orientalism that supported the British and French Empires as commercial enterprises constructed from colonialism. (similarity 0.86)
• Postwar US empire was legitimated through modernization theory and Orientalism (similarity 0.86)
• American empire inherited and reformulated European Orientalism after World War II (similarity 0.86)

Broader Connections

• US Middle East research institutions retained the European Orientalist outlook #corroborates (0.95) — Edward W. Said, Orientalism, 748
• US post-war hegemony repurposed Orientalism and modernization theory to justify empire. #expands (0.85) — Deepa Kumar, Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire, 28