Europe’s unrevolutionary proletariat forced abandonment of the armed-rebellion tactic

Evidence

But by the end of the war the proletariat of Britain and France had not spoken. Imperialism still held sway at home. Only a radical alteration in theory could form a basis for action. The perspective of armed rebellion was abandoned (though held in reserve) and non-violent mass action was substituted. — Cedric J. Robinson, Black Marxism_ The Making of the Black…, 1279