Enclosure extends beyond land to privatization of formerly shared services like water.

Evidence

Thus “enclosure” refers first to putting land formerly available for common use into private hands for the private gain of the owners. But as we are defining the commons to include the cultural commons, so we define enclosure as any privatizing of material or cultural resources that were once freely available to all. For example, in recent years municipal services—such as the provision of potable water—once the shared right and responsibility of communities, are being bought up by privately owned agencies or corporations and sold back to the public who consequently lose decision-making control over quality and access. — Rebecca A. Martusewicz, Jeff Edmundson, and John Lupinacci, EcoJustice Education, 1367

Categorization

• DEFINE: Extended definition of enclosure covering cultural and environmental commons.
• XREF: Echoes ch2’s claim about corporate privatization of water eroding community decision-making. — connects to: Fairer human rules cannot fix the ecological catastrophe inherent to industrialization. — Rebecca A. Martusewicz, Jeff Edmundson, and John Lupinacci, EcoJustice Education: Toward Diverse,…, 1352; The new enclosures privatize access to identity, as the old ones privatized land; Water rights become exclusive only where scarcity makes access costly — I.M. Lewis, I. M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali_ Nation…, 65 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• Capitalism perpetually seeks new privatization frontiers like water and seeds #expands (0.85) — Clara E. Mattei, Escape from Capitalism, 81
• The new enclosures privatize access to identity, as the old ones privatized land #expands (0.80)
• Corporate privatization of water and seeds erodes local communities’ decision-making power #expands (0.80) — Rebecca A. Martusewicz, Jeff Edmundson, and John Lupinacci, EcoJustice Education, 223
• Water rights become exclusive only where scarcity makes access costly #qualifies (0.75) — I.M. Lewis, I. M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali_ Nation…, 65