Elites socialized in rigid party apparats cannot lead genuine reform

Evidence

Since old apparatchiks failed, the party then turned to inexperienced unknowns. … These leaders could neither envision extensive reform, nor could they implement it. — Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, Redeeming The Communist Past, 338

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Party leaders relied on ideological purity and saturation for control — Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, Redeeming The Communist Past: The…, 177; Deep party penetration of society forced reform to originate from within the party. — Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, Redeeming The Communist Past: The…, 196; Maintaining ideological rigidity blocks elite turnover and party renewal — Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, Redeeming The Communist Past: The…, 221 (+2 more)

Broader Connections

• Closed recruitment selecting for ideological loyalty produced hidebound elites unable to adapt #corroborates (0.90) — Anna M. Grzymala-Busse, Redeeming The Communist Past, 216