Early Spanish chroniclers judged Muslim rulers by the same criteria as Christian kings

Evidence

Yet in the chapters that follow, the chronicle does not demonize the Arab rulers of Spain. On the contrary, it recounts their intrigues and military ventures much in the same way it had that of the Visigothic kings, censuring some rulers as greedy or inept while praising others for their justice and valor. — John V. Tolan, Saracens, 478

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to modern histories of tolerance in al-Andalus versus retrospective Christian demonization; also echoes the reader’s interest in how medieval chronographers wrote across the religious divide.