Distinct linguistic hierarchies separated the Egyptian satire of Sudanese from that of Ottoman masters

Evidence

But with the Sudanese, many of whom spoke Arabic as their native tongue, the linguistic stereotyping assumes another dimension in assertions of Egyptian authority.The Sudanese and Nubian characters’ problems in Arabic come not from having a poor grasp of grammar or a lack of vocabulary, as the Turks and British had, but from a seeming inability to pronounce key Arabic letters correctly, for instance, the `ayn, the hard h, and the kaf. — Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Colonialism_…, 362