Demands for universal participation ideologically undermine functional differentiation.

Evidence

Under normatively intended postulates, like democracy, participation or co-determination, all types of organizational systems in all societal functional contexts, be they schools, mines, prisons or parish churches, are being confronted with claims from all and sundry for participation in the exercise of power. Thus the difference in level between societal systems and individual organizations as well as the differentiation between the functional domains of society become undermined ideologically. — Niklas Luhmann, Trust and Power, 777

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Dissent is neutralized by demands for a universal alternative system — Theodor W. Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Dialectic of Enlightenment, 227; A single unified public sphere cannot achieve participation parity in stratified societies — Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, Righteous Discontent: The Women’s…, 1078