Countries differ in the legal channels used to handle discrimination complaints

Evidence

But does that mean that there is more violence or discrimination in the United Kingdom than in France, or is there a considerable political and administrative effort in the former to counter these scourges; in other words, do the statistics inform us about the facts or do they tell us something about those who collect the statistics or who demand them? Should we not give some consideration to a third possibility, which is that the antiracist campaign and the concepts of justice differ from one country to another, and that, for example, France uses other procedures to deal with discrimination in employment than those which consist in resorting to the courts or in practicing “discrimination testing,” using the procedures recommended by John Wrench (1996)? — David Theo Goldberg, John Solomos, A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 3138

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces ‘discrimination testing’ as a distinct methodological procedure for documenting employment discrimination, contrasted with court recourse.