Corporate harm to consumers and workers requires moral disengagement at the firm level.

Evidence

This chapter addresses moral disengagement in the corporate world in terms of two major classes of activities. The first concerns transgressive practices in the finance industry, mainly large-scale financial activities in the form of home mortgages, commercial loans, and stock trading. They include not only private trading but also speculative investments of institutional and retirement funds, thereby affecting people’s livelihoods and the economic life of society. Some of these financial operations are global in scale, so they affect vast populations, and in the recent economic crisis, the integrity of financial recovery measures. … The second class of activities concerns the development and marketing of commercial products that impair human health, and the use of workplace production methods that are seriously injurious to the health of workers. … Some corporations, such as those in the tobacco industry, make products that are harmful to consumers. Others, such as the mining industry, expose workers to harm during the production process. Some do both. To do either requires moral disengagement at the corporate level. — Albert Bandura, Moral Disengagement, 1370

Categorization

• DEFINE: Bandura frames the chapter’s scope: corporate moral disengagement covers both finance-industry transgression and consumer/worker harm, unifying these under one mechanism.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Albert Bandura, Moral Disengagement: How People Do Harm…, 1370