Congressional and executive backing, not court orders, ended Southern school noncompliance

Evidence

Only the intervention of Congress, which enacted the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the executive branch, which enforced those laws, produced compliance in the South. — G. Alan Tarr, Judicial Process and Judicial…, 3196

Categorization

• XREF: Directly supports the course’s separation-of-powers/implementation theme and Hamilton’s Federalist argument.