Concentrated capital and organized labor jointly forced the twentieth-century state into an administrative form.

Evidence

It was characteristic of the situation in the twentieth century that the state should be forced by the concentration of capital on the one hand and the organization of independent labour on the other into intervening to a growing extent in social and private affairs. But this did not necessarily imply that the influence of capital and labour would result in the communal public regulation of production, or in communal regulation of the distribution and use of products. Instead, an administrative state was developing, in which associations and groups beyond public control were able to have immediate influence on parliament as the organ representing the people. The fatal result wasas Habermas put it, with a piquancy derived from Marxthe production of `unpolitical citizens within what is actually a political society’. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 577

Categorization

• DEFINE: Introduces the ‘administrative state’ and Habermas’s phrase ‘unpolitical citizens within a political society.’
• XREF: Connects to Habermas’s legitimation-crisis thesis and to Marx’s critique of political emancipation in ‘On the Jewish Question.’ — connects to: Postwar worker demands and state reformist concessions drove each other in an escalating spiral — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 223; Post-1970s fiscal crisis forced states to choose between workers and capital. — Arthur Borriello and Anton Jäger, The Populist Moment: The Left After the…, 148; State wartime intervention fused economic and political labor struggles. — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 374 (+6 more)
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: Postwar worker demands and state reformist concessions drove each other in an escalating spiral — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 223; Post-1970s fiscal crisis forced states to choose between workers and capital. — Arthur Borriello and Anton Jäger, The Populist Moment: The Left After the…, 148; State wartime intervention fused economic and political labor struggles. — Clara E. Mattei, The Capital Order: How Economists…, 374 (+6 more)

Broader Connections

• Post-1970s fiscal crisis forced states to choose between workers and capital. #complicates (0.78) — Arthur Borriello and Anton Jäger, The Populist Moment, 148