Colonized speakers of European languages are judged by physical appearance, not fluency

Evidence

Even where, as a result of colonization, European languages are spoken in the global outside, they are accented. They are considered odd as much in their “color” as in their character, as much driven by who the speakers physically are seen to be as in their syntax and semantics. — David Theo Goldberg, The Threat of Race, 957

Categorization

• XREF: Connects to linguistic racism and the idea that accent/competence is read through the body, resonating with work on ‘gatekeeping’ in language studies.
• SEED: Essay angle: the racialized ear — how native speakers of a language hear ‘accent’ as a function of the speaker’s body, not their grammar.