Clinton’s 1994 Executive Order made environmental justice official federal policy

Evidence

The Environmental Justice Movement reached what may have been its apogee of transforming national policy on February 11, 1994, when President Bill Clinton signed the Executive Order on Environmental Justice, making environmental justice the policy of the federal government. … This Order, among other things, directs each federal agency to “identify and address” the “disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects” of its programs, policies, and activities on people of color and on low-income communities. — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up, 709

Categorization

• XREF: The date, name, and core ‘disproportionately high and adverse’ language of EO 12898 are the canonical fact set for any legal-systems lesson on federal EJ policy. — connects to: The Executive Order drove the NRC’s first-ever permit denial over racial siting fairness — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 712; The Kettleman City ruling shaped Clinton’s Environmental Justice Executive Order — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 561; Movement goals became institutionalized as federal policy across agencies. — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 708 (+2 more)
• DEFINE: Defines what an Executive Order on EJ does — directs agencies to identify and address disproportionate effects — as opposed to creating private rights.
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental…, 709

Broader Connections

• Clinton’s 1994 executive order made environmental justice part of federal agency missions #corroborates (1.00) — Richard J. Lazarus, The Making of Environmental Law, 618
• Clinton’s environmental justice Executive Order depended on prior academic documentation #expands (0.75) — Luke W. Cole and Sheila R. Foster, From the Ground Up, 153