Class is defined by relation to production, incorporating both property and control

Evidence

A class is a group of individuals who relate to the production process in similar ways. A class structure emerges naturally from the institutions of U.S. capitalism. Property relations are an essential aspect of class; no less im­ portant are the relations of control. — Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, Schooling in Capitalist America, 679

Categorization

• DEFINE: Defines class relationally via property and control of production, not by income or status.
• XREF: Directly extends ch27’s finding that labor subordination is enforced by lack of alternatives rather than contracts. — connects to: Hierarchy transmits class-differentiated consciousness through families, constraining schools.; Class membership is defined by control over the means of production; Class position rests on work type, capital access, and cultural value — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims: Race and Labor in…, 60 (+1 more)

Broader Connections

• Class membership is defined by control over the means of production #corroborates (0.90)
• Class position rests on work type, capital access, and cultural value #complicates (0.78) — Junaid Rana, Terrifying Muslims, 60