Civil-service bloat differs fundamentally from bureaucracy as a governing form

Evidence

Government by bureaucracy has to be distinguished from the mere outgrowth and deformation of civil services which frequently accompanied the decline of the nation-state—as, notably, in France. There the administration has survived all changes in regime since the Revolution, entrenched itself like a parasite in the body politic, developed its own class interests, and become a useless organism whose only purpose appears to be chicanery and prevention of normal economic and political development. … But if the French people have made the very serious mistake of accepting their administration as a necessary evil, they have never committed the fatal error of allowing it to rule the country—even though the consequence has been that nobody rules it. The French atmosphere of government has become one of inefficiency and vexations; but it has not created an aura of pseudomysticism. — Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism, 622

Categorization

• DEFINE: Distinguishes two types of bureaucracy: parasitic civil service deformation vs. bureaucracy as a form of government proper.