Circassian administrators reserved military rank promotions for their own ethnic group

Evidence

Egyptian officers like Ibrahïm Fawzï had grown more desperate and frustrated at the refusal of ethnic Circassian administrators to promote them. The military grades that were equated with the social ranks of pasha and bey were intended almost exclusively for Circassians, and Egyptians claiming these titles met with arrogance and condescension, as Fawzï related when he returned to the War Ministry in 1879: Two days after my return to Cairo I went to the Bureau of War wearing my uniform, and I met Shahin Pasha, the minister of military and naval affairs. — Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Colonialism_…, 517

Categorization

• XREF: Directly serves the reader’s comparative goal: reveals ethnic stratification within the Egyptian army as a distinct layer of coloniality preceding British dominance.