Christian art divided biblical Jews by their relation to Christ’s doctrine.

Evidence

What I mean here by “Judaic” Jews are Jews who are represented as clinging to the Old Testament (as we have seen this can be either because they were born before Christ or, if they are his contemporaries, they have either not yet fully embraced him or rejected him). “Christian” Jews, on the other hand, are those who have fully given themselves over to the New Testament faith. — Ivan Davidson Kalmar, Derek Penslar, Orientalism and the Jews, 225

Categorization

• DEFINE: Clarifies the two Jewish categories (‘Judaic’ vs ‘Christian’) that anchor the painterly hierarchy.