Caring parents still hold divergent reproductive interests

Evidence

Even when both parents care for young, their interests do not coincide. They certainly have a common interest in their offspring’s survival, but they have diverging interests in as much as each one might be able to increase its reproductive success by spending time seeking extra mates elsewhere. — Diego Gambetta, Trust - Making and Breaking Cooperative…, 373

Categorization

• XREF: Parallels the reader’s Hardin/Luhmann theme: cooperation coexists with residual incentives to defect opportunistically, exactly the monitoring problem trust institutions solve. — connects to: A child’s autonomy depends on parental love given without reciprocation — Russell Hardin, Trust and Trustworthiness, 658; Parentage certainty drives why females, not males, typically provide parental care — Emlen, Douglas J, Animal Weapons_ The Evolution of Battle, 684; Higher female reproductive investment explains why females usually provide offspring care. — Emlen, Douglas J, Animal Weapons_ The Evolution of Battle, 155 (+1 more)
• corroborated: 2 independent passages support this claim — Diego Gambetta, Trust - Making and Breaking Cooperative…, 373

Broader Connections

• Higher female reproductive investment explains why females usually provide offspring care. #expands (0.85) — Emlen, Douglas J, Animal Weapons_ The Evolution of Battle, 155
• Parentage certainty drives why females, not males, typically provide parental care #expands (0.72) — Emlen, Douglas J, Animal Weapons_ The Evolution of Battle, 684