Carde doubted African peasants would increase cotton effort through incentives alone

Evidence

A crucial factor in the increased production Carde had in mind, in other words, was greater effort by the Africans themselves. This immediately raised the question of whether such an effort could be taken for granted, even if all the proper incentives were adopted to secure it in the first place. Carde tended to doubt it: The present organization [of native societies], which generally rests upon patriarchy, is particularly resistant to modern concepts of intensive production. — Alice L. Conklin, A Mission to Civilize_ The Republican…, 795