By the late 1930s Institute members worked scattered across homes and outside institutions.

Evidence

Fromm had always worked at home when he was not at his consulting room, and in 1938 and 1939 he spent long periods in Switzerland for health reasons. The two `communists’, Wittfogel and Grossmann, did not have offices at the Institute either. Wittfogel had a study in the Butler Library at Columbia University, and had also more or less established himself at the Institute of Pacific Relations. Grossmann lived at home as a private scholar financed by the Institute of Social Research. His long, ponderous manuscripts did not meet the expectations of the Institute’s directors at all, and, with a not particularly happy life, he had become a rather difficult character. Adorno worked part of the time in Newark and part of the time at home. — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School, 269

Categorization

• XREF: connects to: Former Institute associates were systematically held at distance and dispersed into American academia — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1637
• yield-rescued: below the book’s yield-target cutoff, included anyway for connecting to: Former Institute associates were systematically held at distance and dispersed into American academia — Rolf Wiggershaus, The Frankfurt School: Its History,…, 1637